FSU researchers discover brand-new brain pathway to fear
糖心vlog researchers have identified a new pathway in the brain that plays an important role in our response to fear.
Scientists have long considered the amygdala, an almond-shaped structure in the center of the brain, to be the 鈥渃enter of fear鈥 and believed it to be largely responsible for how an individual responds to frightening circumstances or perceives threats. That belief has served as the foundation for many scientific models explaining various psychiatric illnesses, but these models often fell short of fully explaining these conditions.
Professor of and Wen Li, along with members of her (FSU doctoral alumni Yuqi You and Kevin Clancy, and lab mate Lucas Novak), were able to identify a different tract in the brain, routed through the human sensory cortex, where information from our environment is first analyzed.
The team published their findings this week in the journal .
鈥淭his work fills a critical gap in the literature by revealing a new pathway to fear and fear memory,鈥 Li said. 鈥淭he findings can lead to a critical paradigm shift in how we conceive and end up treating fear disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety.鈥
The research was conducted at FSU鈥檚 , where the team utilized an aversive conditioning method pairing neutral smells with disgusting images and sounds. The team also assessed long-term threat memory, occurring over the course of several days.
鈥淲e were hoping to find neural evidence supporting long-term threat memory in the olfactory cortex at the outset of this research,鈥 You said. 鈥淲hat surprised me was that long-term threat memory in the olfactory cortex could take many forms and these different neural mechanisms were all consistently hyperfunctioning in anxiety.鈥
The team ultimately found that the human sensory cortex, not the amygdala, is responsible for storing our memories of frightening events from the past. The findings among individuals with anxiety highlight how those diagnosed with the disorder may perceive threats differently and be impacted by fear longer than other individuals.
鈥淭his research reveals mechanistic insight into how threat memory forms and is stored in our sensory cortex,鈥 You said. 鈥淜nowing that this sensory-based threat memory is hyperactive in anxiety takes us a step closer to helping people with anxiety disorders change their maladaptive threat perception and memory.鈥
The team鈥檚 findings have the potential to drastically shift our understanding of how fear and fear disorders emerge and persist. This novel discovery further points to new therapeutic targets, which could present new options for treating fear disorders.
This study comes on the heels of another research discovery from Li鈥檚 lab, published in the , which identifies a link between two key parts of the brain that play significant roles in conditions such as Alzheimer鈥檚 disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia and depression.
Frank Johnson, chair of the Department of Psychology, said these latest scientific breakthroughs continue to highlight not only the strength of the department, but the abundance of research opportunities made possible by FSU鈥檚 fMRI lab.
鈥淒r. Li was one of the first hires we made when the FSU MRI Facility became a reality,鈥 said Johnson. 鈥淲ith this exciting publication, as well as her recent funding from the National Institutes of Health, Dr. Li is demonstrating the groundbreaking potential that the fMRI Facility brings to the FSU campus.鈥